6-23. Возможные варианты изменений в частях условного предложения третьего типа
A. Возможные изменения в if–части:
1. Продолженное совершенное время:
If it had been raining this morning we would have stayed at home.
If I had been trying harder, I would have succeeded.
2. could have
If I could have stopped, there wouldn't have been an accident
(Would have и should have в if-части не употребляются)
3. В американском английском в if-части предложения иногда используется простое прошедшее время вместо прошедшего совершенного:
If I knew you were coming I'd have baked a cake.
If I had the money with me I would have bought you one.
If I didn't have my walking boots on I think I would have really hurt my foot.
4. Условие может подразумеваться:
I would have gone with you, but I had to study.
I never would have succeeded without your help.
She ran; otherwise, she would have missed her bus.
5. В разговорной речи в if-части условного предложения 3-го типа могут употребляться would или had + перфектный инфинитив (грамматически это неправильно).
I didn't know. But if I had've known...
We would never have met if he hadn't have crashed into my car.
If I would've had a gun, somebody might have got hurt.
If you wouldn't have phoned her we'd never have found out what was happening.
If I'd have known she was ill I'd have sent her some flowers.
If I'd have known, I'd have told you.
It would have been funny if she'd have recognized him.
B. В главной части возможны следующие варианты:
1. Продолженное совершенное время
If I had not got married, I would still have been living abroad.
2. would с простым инфинитивом.
If my mother hadn't knocked my father off his bicycle thirty years ago, I wouldn't have been here now (= ... I wouldn't be here now.)
If my mother hadn't met father thirty years ago, I would't have been here now (= I would't be here now).
If she hadn't crossed the road without looking, she would have been alive today (= ...she would be alive today).
3. modals
You could have done it if you had tried.
If he had known the facts he could have told us what to do.
If he'd run a bit faster, he could have won.
If I hadn't been so tired, I might have realized what was happening.
If you had parked your car there (but you didn't), we could have kept an eye on it.
If he had been here yesterday he could have told us (ability).
If he had been here yesterday he might have told us (possibility).
If he had received a present he should have thanked her (duty).
Возможны совершенные инфинитивы после модальных глаголов:
If he had been here he could have been helping us in the shop.
If she had been here she could have met my sister.
If you had not told me about it I should (might) never have known (I should still be unaware of) the facts.
If he had taken his doctor's advice he might not have died (he might still be alive).