1-26. Уточнители such и other

 
1. Such употребляется со значением 'like this/that', 'of this/that kind'. В случае употребления неопределенного артикля, such ставится перед ним: such people, such interesting ideas, such a decision (не ‘such decision’)

В таких конструкциях such звучит очень формально и употребляется в основном с существительными, выражающими отвлеченные понятия:

The committee wishes to raise fees. I would oppose [such a decision].
There are various forms of secret writing. [Such systems] are called 'codes'.

■ В разговорной речи вместо such употребляются выражения like this/that и this/that kind of:

In [a job like this] it's hard to get enough exercise.
[This kind of work] doesn't suit you at all.
... [systems like this] are called ...
He's got an old Rolls-Royce. I'd like [a car like that]. (не ‘I'd like such a car’)
[That kind of driving] causes accidents.

Such звучит менее формально в выражениях с подчеркиванием смысла:

I'm glad your concert was [such a success].
Why did she make [such a fuss about the dates]?

2. Such употребляется и в разговорной речи в отношении высокой степени чего-либо:

I'm sorry you had [such a bad journey] (= You had a very bad journey, and I'm sorry.)
It was a pleasure to meet [such interesting people].

3. После оборотов с very нельзя употреблять that-клозы. Вместо этого употребляется such ... that, или в очень формальном стиле such ... + as to + infinitive:

It was [such a cold afternoon] that we stopped playing (не ‘It was a very cold afternoon that... ’)
It was [such a loud noise] as to wake everybody in the house (менее формально: ‘...such a loud noise that it woke...’)

4. C помощью such as вводятся примеры:

My doctor told me to avoid [fatty foods such as bacon or hamburgers].

6. Необходимо помнить, что such – это определитель, а so – наречие:

They're [such fools]. (не ‘They're so fools’.)
It was [such good milk] that we couldn't stop drinking it. (не ‘It was so good milk that... ’)
She's [such a baby].
I've never met [such a nice person].

She's so babyish. (не ‘She's such babyish’.)
The milk was so good that we couldn't stop drinking it.
Why do you talk so slowly?
We've got so much to do, and so little time.

(Со сравнительной степенью прилагательных употребляется so much, а не so: I'm glad you're feeling so much better).