4-1. That-clauses с should

1. После глаголов say, think, hope могут употребляться that-clauses, которые могут выражать прошлое, настоящее и будущее, но после некоторых глаголов (таких как propose и recommend) – предложение относится только к предполагаемому действию в будущем:

(1) We propose/recommend that Mr. Smith should go.
We propose/recommend that Mr. Smith should be dismissed.

(2) We propose/recommend that Mr. Smith goes.
We propose/recommend that Mr. Smith is dismissed.

(3) We propose/recommend that Mr. Smith go.
We propose/recommend that Mr. Smith be dismissed.

В британском английском наиболее предпочтителен вариант (1), а в американском - вариант (3).

Еще примеры:

I insisted that she should see the doctor at once. (или '... that she see ...' )
They have proposed that Jim should move to their London office.
We advised that the company should not raise its prices.
They directed that the building should be pulled down.

We insist that the money should be available to all students in financial difficulties.

2. Форма глагола, употребляемая в предложениях типа 'We recommend that Mr. Smith go' называется present subjunctive (отрицание в этом случае образуется с помощью просто частицы not):

They have proposed that Jim move to their London office.
They directed that the building be pulled down.

We advised that the company not raise its prices.

I suggested that he should give up golf. (negative: ...that he shouldn't give up...)
I suggested that he give up golf. (negative: ...that he not give up...)
I suggested that he gives up golf. (negative: ...that he doesn't give up...)

3. Should также употребляется в that-clauses после глаголов и прилагательных выражающих персональные чувства, суждения и т.п.:

We regret/we are sorry that you (should) feel obliged to resign.
It is right that he should be punished (that в таком предложении опускать нельзя).

4. К глаголам, с которыми можно использовать should или Subjunctive относятся: advise, ask, beg, command, demand, direct, insist, instruct, intend, order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, stipulate, suggest, urge, warn (that-clauses с should можно использовать также с существительными, связанными с этими глаголами):

The police issued an order that all weapons (should) be handed in immediately.
The weather forecast gave a warning that people (should) prepare for heavy snow.

5. Should или subjunctive можно употреблять в that-clause после конструкции it + be + adjective (с такими прилагательными как advisable, appalling, (in)appropriate, (in)conceivable, crucial, essential, imperative, important, obligatory, (un)necessary, urgent, vital):

It is inappropriate that he (should) receive the award again ( = ...that he receives...)

6. Should (но не Subjunctive) в that-clause может употребляться, когда речь идет о реакции на то, о чем говорится (особенно после be + adjective с такими прилагательными как amazed, amused, anxious, astounded, concerned, disappointed, shocked, surprised, upset):

I am concerned that she should think I stole the money (формально).
I am concerned that she thinks I stole the money (но не ...that she think I stole...)

7. Можно употреблять should в that-clause, говоря как о ситуациях, которые существуют сейчас, так и о предполагаемых:

It's not surprising that they should be seen together - they're brothers.
We believe it is important that she should take the exam next year.

Если речь идет о намерениях и планах использование subjunctive предпочтительнее, чем should:

I've arranged that she come to the first part of the meeting (...that she should come.../ ...that she comes.../ ...for her to come...)

8. Необходимо помнить, что в американском английском использование should в that-клоз звучит чаще всего неестественно.