12-3. Пропуски в клозах

II. Elliptical clause

Ellipsis of the predication

a) Только subject complement (be как оператор): I'm happy if you are (...).
b) subject complement + adverbial: If they're not ready by lunchtime, they ought to be (...).
c) Только adverbial: His father was at Oxford when Harold Wilson was (...).
d) Только неличная часть глагола: Tom will be playing, but I don't think Martin will (be) (...).
e) Неличная часть глагола + adverbial: When Shirley resigns from the committee, I'm sure that a number of other people will (...) .
f) Неличная часть глагола + object+ adverbial: Who is cooking dinner today? John is (...).

Ellipsis of the predicate

There are more hungry people in the world today than there were () in 1900.

Ellipsis in wh-clauses:
Somebody had hidden my notebook, but I don't know who/why/where.

Ellipsis in to-infinitive clauses:
You can borrow my pen, if you want to.

В "специальных" случаях есть следующие варианты.

1. Безличные и "безглагольные" клозы:

Nonfinite clauses:
Although (he was) exhausted by the climb, he continued his journey.

Verbless clauses:
While (she was) at Oxford, she was active in the dramatic society.

2. Coordinate and comparative clauses дают более широкие возможности для пропусков в сравнении с другими клозами:

Mary can beat Ann and (…) Jane easily
[Mary can beat Ann and Mary can beat Jane easily]
Mary can beat Ann more easily than (…) Jane
[Mary can beat Ann more easily than Mary can beat Jane]
Mary can beat Ann easily if Mary can beat Jane easily
[Mary can beat Ann easily if Mary can beat Jane easily]

Coordination:
I told him to go home, but he wouldn't (…).

Comparative:
My uncle loved that dog more than (my uncle loved) his family.

Response:

Do you like Jane? Yes, I do (…).